Introduction Textile dyeing is more than just an industrial process; it is one of the biggest hidden sources of environmental damage in global manufacturing. In major textile hubs, rivers often run visibly colored from untreated effluents, groundwater becomes unsafe for drinking, and nearby communities face long-term health risks due to chemical discharges. The problem is structural. Conventional dyeing uses about 100 to 150 liters of water per kilogram of fabric, much of which leaves the...